Article#

  WORLD ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ISSUE 39 MARCH 2010

Page#
1 Molecular Characteristics of Phosphoric Acid Treated Soils
 Amin Eisazadeh, Khairul Anuar Kassim, Hadi Nur		 1
2 Implementation of Generalized Plasticity in Load-Deformation Behavior of Foundation with Emphasis on Localization Problem
 A. H. Akhaveissy		 4
3 Analysis and Simulation of Automotive Interleaved Buck Converter
 Mohamed. A. Shrud, Ahmad H. Kharaz, Ahmed. S. Ashur, Ahmed Faris, Mustafa Benamar		 10
4 2D Numerical Analysis of Sao Paulo Tunnel
 A.H. Akhaveissy		 18
5 Software Model for a Computer Based Training for an HVDC Control Desk Simulator
 José R. G. Braga, Joice B. Mendes, Guilherme H. Caponetto, Alexandre C. B. Ramos		 24
6 A Discriminatory Rewarding Mechanism for Sybil Detection with Applications to Tor
 Asim Kumar Pal, Debabrata Nath, Sumit Chakraborty		 29
7 A Method for Improving Dental Crown Fit-Increasing the Robustness
 Kero T., Söderberg R., Andersson M.,  Lindkvist L.		 37
8 On the Performance of Information Criteria in Latent Segment Models
 Jaime R. S. Fonseca		 45
9 Effect of Low Frequency Memory on High Power 12W LDMOS Transistors
Intermodulation Distortion
 A. Alghanim, J. Benedikt, P. J. Tasker		 53
10 Markov Chain Monte Carlo Model Composition Search Strategy for Quantitative Trait Loci in a Bayesian Hierarchical Model
 Susan J. Simmons, Fang Fang, Qijun Fang, Karl Ricanek		 58
11 Installation Stability of Low Temperature Steel Mesh in LNG Storage
 Rui Yu, Huiqing Ying		 62
12 The Overall Aspects of E-Leaning Issues, Developments, Opportunities and Challenges
 Bala Dhandayuthapani Veerasamy		 66
13 Design of Service-Oriented Pervasive System for Urban Computing in Cali Zoo (OpenZoo)
 Claudia L. Zuñiga, Andres F. Millan, Jose L. Abadia, Monica Lora, Andres Navarro,Juan C. Burguillo, Pedro S. Rodriguez		 70
14 Evaluating Refactoring with a Quality Index
 Crt Gerlec, Marjan Hericko		 76
15 A Decision Support System Based on Leprosy Scales
 Dennys Robson Girardi, Hugo Bulegon, Claudia Maria Moro Barra		 81
16 Attacks Classification in Adaptive Intrusion Detection using Decision Tree
 Dewan Md. Farid, Nouria Harbi, Emna Bahri, Mohammad Zahidur Rahman, Chowdhury Mofizur Rahman		 86
17 Statistical Analysis-Driven Risk Assessment of Criteria Air Pollutants: A Sulfur Dioxide Case Study
 Ehsan Bashiri		 91
18 Dual Construction of Stern-based Signature Scheme
 Pierre-Louis Cayrel, Sidi Mohamed El Yousfi Alaoui		 98
19 Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Sound Radiation by the Boundary Element Method
 Costa, E.S., Borges, E.N.M., Afonso		 104
20 Objective Assessment of Psoriasis Lesion Thickness for PASI Scoring using 3D Digital Imaging
 M.H. Ahmad Fadzil, Hurriyatul Fitriyah, Esa Prakasa, Hermawan Nugroho, S.H. Hussein, Azura Mohd. Affandi		 109
21 Validation on 3D Surface Roughness Algorithm for Measuring Roughness of Psoriasis Lesion
 M.H. Ahmad Fadzil, Esa Prakasa, Hurriyatul Fitriyah, Hermawan Nugroho, Azura Mohd Affandi, S.H. Hussein		 116
22

Elastic Lateral Features of a New Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Wall
 Zhengyong Liu, Huiqing Ying

 122
23 New DES based on Elliptic Curves
 Ghada Abdelmouez M., Fathy S. Helail, Abdellatif A. Elkouny		 128
24 Use of Demographic Techniques for Environment Benefits Quantification
 Giani Gradinaru		 133
25 Metoprolol Tartrate-Ethylcellulose Tabletted Microparticles: Development of a Validated Invitro In-vivo Correlation
 Fatima Rasool, Mahmood Ahmad, Ghulam Murtaza, Haji M. S. Khan, Shujaat A. Khan, Sonia Khiljee, Muhammad Qamar-Uz-Zaman		 140
26 Bayes Net Classifiers for Prediction of Renal Graft Status and Survival Period
 Jiakai Li, Gursel Serpen, Steven Selman, Matt Franchetti, Mike Riesen, Cynthia Schneider		 144
27 Homotopy Analysis Method for Hydromagnetic Plane and Axisymmetric Stagnation-point Flow with Velocity Slip
 Jing Zhu, Liancun Zheng, Xinxin Zhang		 151
28 Dimensional Modeling of HIV Data Using Open Source
 Charles D. Otine, Samuel B. Kucel, Lena Trojer		 156
29 Optimal Route Policy in Air Traffic Control with Competing Airlines
 Siliang Wang, Minghui Wang		 162
30 Persian Printed Numerals Classification Using Extended Moment Invariants
 Hamid Reza Boveiri		 167
31 Minimum Fluidization Velocities of Binary-Solid Mixtures: Model Comparison
 Mohammad Asif		 175
32 RF Link Budget Analysis at 915 MHz band for Wireless Sensor Networks
 Abdellah Chehri,Hussein Mouftah,Paul Fortier, Hasnaa Aniss		 180
33 A Combined Practical Approach to Condition Monitoring of Reciprocating Compressors using IAS and Dynamic Pressure
 M. Elhaj, M. Almrabet, M. Rgeai, I. Ehtiwesh		 186
34 Developing Online Bookstore to Facilitate Manual Process – UTP Case Study
 Emelia Akashah P.A, Sharifah Nadiah S.A		 193
35 Viability of Bradyrhizobium japanicum on Soybean Seeds Enhanced by Magnetite Nanoparticles during Desiccation
 M. R. Ghalamboran, J. J. Ramsden		 198
36 Design Neural Network Controller for Mechatronic System
 Ismail Algelli Sassi Ehtiwesh, Mohamed Ali Elhaj		 204
37 Complexity Analysis of Some Known Graph Coloring Instances
 Jeffrey L. Duffany		 210
38 Risks and Mitigation Measures in Build-Operate-Transfer Projects
 Syed Kamarul Bakri Syed Ahmad Bokharey, Kalaikumar Vallyutham, Narayanan Sambu Potty, Nabilah Abu Bakar		 217
39 Optometric-lab: a Stereophotogrammetry Tool for Eye Movements Records
 E. F. P. Leme, L. J. R. Lopez, D. G. Goroso		 224
40 Usability and Affordances: Examinations of Object-Naming and Object-Task Performance in Haptic Interfaces
 Mia Sorensen		 228
41 Artificial Intelligence for Software Quality Improvement
 Martín Agüero, Franco Madou, Gabriela Esperón, Daniela López De Luise		 234
42 Wind Load Characteristics in Libya
 Mohammed B. Abohedma, Milad M. Alshebani		 240
43

A Multi-Signature Scheme based on Coding Theory
 Mohammed Meziani, Pierre-Louis Cayrel

 244
44 Optimization problem of the rigid body motion with the geodesic frame
 Ilgin Sager, Nemat Abazari		 251
45 An Investigation on the Accuracy of Nonlinear Static Procedures for Seismic Evaluation of Buckling-restrained Braced Frames
 An Hong Nguyen, Chatpan Chintanapakdee, Toshiro Hayashikawa		 257
46 3D Face Recognition Using Modified PCA Methods
 Omid Gervei, Ahmad Ayatollahi, Navid Gervei		 264
47 An Efficient Cache Replacement Strategy for the Hybrid Cache Consistency Approach
 Aline Zeitunlian, Ramzi A. Haraty		 268
48 Dynamics of a Vapour Bubble inside a Vertical Rigid Cylinder with a Deposit Rib
 S. Mehran, S. Rouhi, F.Rouzbahani, E. Haghgoo		 274
49 Dynamics of a Vapour Bubble inside a Vertical Rigid Cylinder in the Absence of Buoyancy Forces
 S. Mehran, S. Rouhi, F.Rouzbahani, E. Haghgoo		 278
50 EZW Coding System with Artificial Neural Networks
 Saudagar Abdul Khader Jilani, Syed Abdul Sattar		 284
51 Comparative Finite Element Simulation of Nonlinear Vibrations and Sensor Output Voltage of Smart Piezolaminated Structures
 Ruediger Schmidt, Thang Duy Vu		 290
52 A New Self-stabilizing Algorithm for Maximal 2-packing
 Zhengnan Shi		 294
53 An Application for Web Mining Systems with Services Oriented Architecture
 Thiago M. R. Dias, Gray F. Moita, Paulo E. M. Almeida		 298
54 Lattice Monte Carlo Analyses of Thermal Diffusion in Laminar Flow
 Thomas Fiedler, Irina V. Belova, Graeme E. Murch		 306
55 Customer Service Information in the Product Management
 Barbara Regina Lopes Costa, Dennys Robson Girardi and Diego Gilberto Ferber Pineyrua		 311
56 Improving Power Quality through Harmonics Cancellation in Multiphase Rectifiers
 Vitaly Gelman		 319
57 Correlation of Post-installed by Adhesive Pullout Test to Estimate In-place Concrete Strength
 Jinshan Wang, Shiqi Cui, Shouxian Wang		 325
58 Understanding and Designing Situation-Aware Mobile and Ubiquitous Computing Systems: An Interdisciplinary Analysis on the Recognition of Situations with Uncertain Data Using Situation Templates
 Kai Häussermann, Christoph Hubig, Paul Levi, Frank Leymann, Oliver Siemoneit, Matthias Wieland, Oliver Zweigle		 329
59

Daemon- Based Distributed Deadlock Detection and Resolution
 Z. RahimAlipour, A. T. Haghighat

 339
60

A New Composition Method of Admissible Support Vector Kernel Based on Reproducing Kernel
 Wei Zhang, Xin Zhao, Yi-Fan Zhu, Xin-Jian Zhang

 345
61 Optimal Estimation of Supporting-Ground Orientation for Multi-Segment Body Based on Otolith-Canal Fusion
 Karim A. Tahboub		 354
62 In silico Simulations for DNA Shuffling Experiments
 Luciana Montera		 362
63 A Proposal for Federation Technology for Authenticated Information between Terminals
 Katsuyuki Umezawa, Takashi Tashiro, Satoru Tezuka		 371
64 Internal Loading Distribution in Statically Loaded Ball Bearings Subjected to a Centric Thrust Load: Numerical Aspects
 Mário C. Ricci		 379
65 Vibration of Functionally Graded Cylindrical Shells Under Effect Clamped-Free Boundary Conditions Using Hamilton’s Principle
 M.R. Isvandzibaei, M.R. Alinaghizadeh, A.H. Zaman		 388
66 Functionality of Negotiation Agent on Value-based Design Decision
 Arazi Idrus, Christiono Utomo		 394
67 A Model of Technological Platform for the Knowledge Management Organization
Nieto B. W, Luna A. C, Ramos R. J.		 399
68 Development of an Intelligent Tool for Planning the Operation
 T. R. Alencar, P. T. Leite		 404
69 A Mathematical Model for Parallel Computing
 Salvador Romaguera,  Oscar Valero		 411
70 Modeling and Analysis of Adaptive Buffer Sharing Scheme for Consecutive Packet Loss Reduction in Broadband Networks
 Sakshi Kausha, R.K Sharma		 418
71 Operational- Economics Based Evaluation And Selection of A Power Plant Using Graph Theoretic Approach
 Naresh Yadav, I.A. Khan,  Sandeep Grover		 426
72 Fast Intra Prediction Algorithm for H.264/AVC Based on Quadratic and Gradient Model
 A. Elyousfi, A. Tamtaoui, E. Bouyakhf		 437
73 GPU-Based Volume Rendering for Medical Imagery
 Hadjira Bentoumi, Pascal Gautron, , Kadi Bouatouch		 446
74 A Generalised Relational Data Model
 Georgia Garani		 453
75 Algebraic Specification of Serializability for Partitioned Transactions
 Walter Hussak , John Keane		 470
76 XML Schema Automatic Matching Solution
 Huynh Quyet Thang, Vo Sy Nam		 478
77 Generational PipeLined Genetic Algorithm (PLGA) using Stochastic Selection
 Malay K. Pakhira , Rajat K. De		 485
78 On-line Testing of Software Components for Diagnosis of Embedded Systems
 Thi-Quynh Bui,  Oum-El-Kheir Aktouf		 499
79 Performance Analysis of List Scheduling in Heterogeneous Computing Systems
 Keqin Li		 506
80 Geometric Operators in Decision Making with Minimization of Regret
 José M. Merigó, Montserrat Casanovas		 514
81 Testing Object-Oriented Framework Applications Using FIST2 Tool: A Case Study
 Jehad Al Dallal		 522
82 Improved Feature Processing for Iris Biometric Authentication System
 Somnath Dey , Debasis Samanta		 530
83 3DARModeler: a 3D Modeling System in Augmented Reality Environment
 Trien V. Do , Jong-Weon Lee		 538
84 Named Entity Recognition using Support Vector Machine: A Language Independent Approach
 Asif Ekbal , Sivaji Bandyopadhyay		 548
85 Texture Characterization Based on a Chandrasekhar Fast Adaptive filter
 Mounir Sayadi , Farhat Fnaiech		 564
86 New Set of Rotationally Legendre Moment Invariants
 Khalid M. Hosny		 569
87 Motion Prediction and Motion Vector Cost Reduction during Fast Block Motion Estimation in MCTF
 Karunakar A K , Manohara Pai M M		 574
88 A Software-Supported Methodology for Designing General-Purpose Interconnection Networks for Reconfigurable Architectures
 Kostas Siozios, Dimitrios Soudris , Antonios Thanailakis		 580
89 Evaluation of Energy-Aware QoS Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks
 M.K.Jeya Kumar		 593
90 Learning and Evaluating Possibilistic Decision Trees using Information Affinity
 Ilyes Jenhani, Salem Benferhat , Zied Elouedi		 599
91 Fundamental Equation of Complete Factor Synergetics of Complex Systems with Normalization of Dimension
 Li Zong-Cheng		 606
92 Basic Tendency Model in Complete Factor Synergetics of Complex Systems
 Li Zong-Cheng		 614
93 Statistical Approach to Basis Function Truncation in Digital Interpolation Filters
 F. Castillo, J. Arellano,  S. Sánchez		 622
94 A 1.2-ns16×16-Bit Binary Multiplier Using High Speed Compressors
 A. Dandapat, S. Ghosal, P. Sarkar, D. Mukhopadhyay		 627
95 A New Secure Communication Model Based on Synchronization of Coupled Multidelay Feedback Systems
 Thang Manh Hoang		 633
96 Proactive Detection of DDoS Attacks Utilizing k-NN Classifier in an Anti-DDos Framework
 Hoai-Vu Nguyen , Yongsun Choi		 640
97 Structural Analysis of Username Segment in e-mail Addresses of MBA Institutes of Gujarat State of India
Jatinderkumar R. Saini, Apurva A. Desai		 646
98 Hardware Prototyping of an Efficient Encryption Engine
Muhammad I. Ibrahimy, Mamun B.I. Reaz, Khandaker Asaduzzaman , Sazzad Hussain		 652
99 Text-independent Speaker Identification Based on MAP Channel Compensation and Pitch-dependent Features
 Jiqing Han, Rongchun Gao		 659
100 Wavelet Transform and Support Vector Machine Approach for Fault Location in Power Transmission Line
 V. Malathi, N.S.Marimuthu		 666
101 A High-Speed Multiplication Algorithm Using Modified Partial Product Reduction Tree
 P. Asadee		 672
102 Applications of Rough Set Decompositions in Information Retrieval
 Chen Wu, Xiaohua Hu		 679
103 A Reliable FPGA-based Real-time Optical-flow Estimation
 M. M. Abutaleb, A. Hamdy, M. E. Abuelwafa, E. M. Saad		 685
104 Semi-automatic Construction of Ontology-based CBR System for Knowledge Integration
 Junjie Gao , Guishi Deng		 691
105 High Speed NP-CMOS and Multi-Output Dynamic Full Adder Cells
 Reza Faghih Mirzaee, Mohammad Hossein Moaiyeri, Keivan Navi		 698
106 Understanding Charge Dynamics in Elastomers Adopting Pulsed Electro Acoustic (PEA) Technique
 R. Sarathi, M. G. Danikas, Y. Chen,  T. Tanaka		 705
107 Automatic Generation Control of an Interconnected Power System with Capacitive Energy Storage
 Rajesh Joseph Abraham, D. Das , Amit Patra		 711
108 Automatic Generation Control of Multi-Area Electric Energy Systems Using Modified GA
 Gayadhar Panda, Sidhartha Panda , C. Ardil		 717
109 Transmission Lines Loading Enhancement Using ADPSO Approach
 M. Mahdavi, H. Monsef, A. Bagheri		 726
110 PI Control for Positive Output Elementary Super Lift Luo Converter
 K. Ramash Kumar, S. Jeevananthan		 732
111 A PI Controller for Enhancing the Transient Stability of Multi Pulse Inverter Based Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) With Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES)
 S. Padma,  R. Lakshmipathi,K. Ramash Kumar , P. Nandagopal		 738
112 An Hybrid Approach for Loss Reduction in Distribution Systems using Harmony Search Algorithm
 R. Srinivasa Rao		 745
113 Differential Protection for Power Transformer Using Wavelet Transform and PNN
 S. Sendilkumar, B. L. Mathur,  Joseph Henry		 752
114 UPFC Supplementary Controller Design Using Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm for Damping Low Frequency Oscillations in Power Systems
 A.K. Baliarsingh, S. Panda, A.K. Mohanty, C. Ardil		 759
115 A Simple Approach of Three phase Distribution System Modeling for Power Flow Calculations
 J. B. V. Subrahmanyam, C. Radhakrishna		 770
116 Multi-Line Power Flow Control using Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) in Power Transmission Systems
 A.V.Naresh Babu, S.Sivanagaraju, Ch.Padmanabharaju , T.Ramana		 776
117 Application of Computational Intelligence Techniques for Economic Load Dispatch
 S.C. Swain, S. Panda, A.K. Mohanty, C. Ardil		 781
118 Multiobjective Optimal Power Flow Using Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm
 Alawode Kehinde O., Jubril Abimbola M. , Komolafe Olusola A.		 790
119 Identifications and Monitoring of Power System Dynamics Based on the PMUs and Wavelet Technique
 Samir Avdakovic, Amir Nuhanovic		 796
120 400 kW Six Analytical High Speed Generator Designs for Smart Grid Systems
 A. El Shahat, A. Keyhani , H. El Shewy		 804
121 Influence of Distributed Generation on Congestion and LMP in Competitive Electricity Market
 Durga Gautam , Mithulananthan Nadarajah		 822
122 Modeling and Simulation of PSM DC-DC Buck Converter
 Ramamurthy S , Vanaja Ranjan P		 830
123 Optimal DG Allocation in Distribution Network
 A. Safari, R. Jahani, H. A. Shayanfar, J. Olamaei		 834
124 Surge Protection of Power Supply used for Automation Devices in Power Distribution System
 Liheng Ying, Guangjiong Sun		 838
125 Modeling And Analysis of Simple Open Cycle Gas Turbine Using Graph Networks
 Naresh Yadav, I.A. Khan,  Sandeep Grover		 843
126 Solution of Optimal Reactive Power Flow using Biogeography-Based Optimization
 Aniruddha Bhattacharya , Pranab Kumar Chattopadhyay		 852
127 Noise Performance of Millimeter-wave Silicon Based Mixed Tunneling Avalanche Transit Time (MITATT) Diode
 Aritra Acharyya, Moumita Mukherjee , J. P. Banerjee		 861
128 Free Convection in an Infinite porous Dusty Medium induced by Pulsating Point Heat Source
 K. Kannan , V. Venkataraman		 869
129 Anti-periodic solutions for Cohen-Grossberg shunting inhibitory neural networks with delays
 Yongkun Li, Tianwei Zhang , Shufa Bai		 878
130 Peakwise Smoothing of Data Models using Wavelets
 D Sudheer Reddy, N Gopal Reddy, P V Radhadevi, J Saibaba,  Geeta Varadan		 884
131 ANN based Multi Classifier System for Prediction of High Energy Shower Primary Energy and Core Location
 Gitanjali Devi, Kandarpa Kumar Sarma, Pranayee Datta,  Anjana Kakoti Mahanta		 890
132 Single Frame Supercompression of Still Images, Video, High Definition TV and Digital Cinema
Mario Mastriani		 900
133 Effects of Thermal Radiation and Magnetic Field on Unsteady Stretching Permeable Sheet in Presence of Free Stream Velocity
 Phool Singh, Ashok Jangid, N.S. Tomer , Deepa Sinha		 917
134 New exact solutions for the (3+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation
 Mohammad Taghi Darvishi, Maliheh Najafi , Mohammad Najafi		 924
135 Mechanism of Damping in Welded Structures using Finite Element Approach
 B. Singh, B. K. Nanda		 928
136 Delay-range-dependent exponential synchronization of Lur’e systems with Markovian switching
 Xia Zhou, Shouming Zhong		 933
137 Adaptive grid methods for pseudospectra of matrix polynomials
 Xiangyong Ji, Zhengsheng Wang		 939
138 A New Approach to Optimal Control Problem Constrained by Canonical Form
 B. Farhadinia		 944
139 A Nonlinear ODE System for the Unsteady Hydrodynamic Force – A New Approach
 Osama A. Marzouk		 948
140 Some properties of b-weakly compact operators on Banach lattice
 Na Cheng , Zi-li Chen		 963
141 Two-dimensional Differential Transform Method for Solving Linear and Non-linear Goursat Problem
 H. Taghvafard , G. H. Erjaee		 967
142 The Same or Not the Same - On the Variety of Mechanisms of Path Dependence
 Jürgen Beyer		 971
143 Institutional Efficiency of Commonhold Industrial Parks Using a Polynomial Regression Model
 Jeng-Wen Lin, Simon Chien-Yuan Chen		 982
144 Using a Semantic Self-Organising Web Page- Ranking Mechanism for Public Administration and Education
 Marios Poulos, Sozon Papavlasopoulos,  V. S. Belesiotis		 987
145 The Design of the HL7 RIM-based Sharing Components for Clinical Information Systems
Wei-Yi Yang, Li-Hui Lee, Hsiao-Li Gien, Hsing-Yi Chu, Yi-Ting Chou,  Der-Ming Liou		 992
146 Impact of Government Spending on Private Consumption and on the Economy: The Case of Thailand
 Paitoon Kraipornsak		 996
147 Prospective Mathematics Teachers’ Views about Using Flash Animations in Mathematics Lessons
 Esra Bukova-Güzel, Berna Cantürk-Günhan		 1004
148 Understanding Physical Activity Behavior of Type 2 Diabetics Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and Structural Equation Modeling
 D.O. Omondi, M.K. Walingo, G.M. Mbagaya,  L.O.A. Othuon		 1010
149 Effects of Computer–Based Instructional Designs among Pupils of Different Music Intelligence Levels
 Aldalalah, M. Osamah, Soon Fook Fong		 1018
150 A Validity and Reliability Study of Grasha- Riechmann Student Learning Style Scale
 Yaşar Baykul, Musa Gürsel, Hacı Sulak, Erhan Ertekin, Ersen Yazıcı,
Osman Dülger, Yasin Aslan , Kağan Büyükkarcı		 1027
151 Values as a Predictor of Cyber-bullying Among Secondary School Students
 Bülent Dilmaç, Didem Aydoğan		 1035
152 Technology Readiness Index (TRI) among USM Distance Education Students According to Age
 A.A.Andaleeb, Rozhan.M.Idrus, Issham Ismail,  A.K. Mokaram		 1039
153 Self-Efficacy, Anxiety, and Performance in the English Language among Middle-School Students in English Language Program in Satri
Si Suriyothai School, Bangkok
 Christopher C. Anyadubalu		 1043
154 Convergence and Divergence in Telephone Conversations: A Case of Persian
 Anna Mirzaiyan, Vahid Parvaresh, Mahmoud Hashemian,  Masoud Saeedi		 1049
155 Impact of Foreign Aid and Levels of Education on Democracy in Pakistan
 H. Mahmood, M. W. Siddiqi, A. Iqbal , M. A. Tabassum		 1056
156 A Case Study of Reactive Focus on Form through Negotiation on Spoken Errors: Does It Work for All Learners?
 Vahid Parvaresh, Zohre Kassaian, Saeed Ketabi, Masoud Saeedi		 1060
157 Disparity in Socio-Economic Development and Its Implications on Communal Conflicts: A Study on India’s North-Eastern Region
 Debasis Neogi		 1069
158 Effects of Multimedia-based Instructional Designs for Arabic Language Learning among Pupils of Different Achievement Levels
 Aldalalah, M. Osamah, Soon Fook Fong , Ababneh, W. Ziad		 1077
159 Growth, Population, Exports and Wagner’s Law: A Case Study of Pakistan (1972-2007)
 T. Hussain, A. Iqbal , M. W. Siddiqi		 1084
160 Cost and Productivity Experiences of Pakistan with Aggregate Learning Curve
 Jamshaid ur Rehman , Shahida Wizarat		 1090
161 A Coherent Relationship between Economic Growth and Unemployment: An Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
 T. Hussain, M. W. Siddiqi , A. Iqbal		 1098
162 Ideological Tendencies of the Teachers about the Causes of Vandalism in Schools and Solution Proposals
 Sevgi Birsel Nemlioğlu, Hasan Atak		 1106
163 Turkish Emerging Adults’ Identity Statuses with respect to Marital and Parental Statuses and SES
 Sevgi Birsel Nemlioğlu, Hasan Atak		 1111
164 Environmental Impact Assessment and Social Impact Assessment - Decision Making Tools for Project Appraisal in India
 Bikram Kumar Dutta, Sanhita Bandyopadhyay		 1116
165 Error Rate Probability for Coded MQAM with MRC Diversity in the Presence of Cochannel Interferers over Nakagami-Fading Channels
J.S. Ubhi, M.S. Patterh, T.S. Kamal		 1122
166 Spatial Variability in Human Development Patterns in Assiut, Egypt
 Abdel-Samad M. Ali		 1127
167 A Study on the Circumstances Affecting Elementary School Students in Their Family and School Lives and Their Consequential Emotions
 Osman Samancı, Ramazan Kaya		 1133

© 2012 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology